Word · Classical Chinese
道 dào
The Way: a road, a method, and the nameless source of all things. Laozi opens by saying the dao that can be spoken is not the constant dao. (editor’s note)
96 uses in the original-language texts we hold · 296 aligned English renderings
One line, many translators
- 1891
1. The Tao that can be trodden is not the enduring and unchanging Tao. The name that can be named is not the enduring and unchanging name. 2. (Conceived of as) having no name, it is the Originator of heaven and earth; (conceived of as) having a name, it is the Mother of all things. 3. Always without desire we must be found, If its deep mystery we would sound; But if desire always within us be, Its outer fringe is all that we shall see. 4. Under these two aspects, it is really the same; but as development takes place, it receives the different names. Together we call them the Mystery. Where the Mystery is the deepest is the gate of all that is subtle and wonderful.
tr. James Legge (1891) - 1913
The Reason that can be reasoned is not the eternal Reason. The name that can be named is not the eternal Name. The Unnamable is of heaven and earth the beginning. The Namable becomes of the ten thousand things the mother. Therefore it is said:
tr. Paul Carus (1913) - 1913
"He who desireless is found The spiritual of the world will sound. But he who by desire is bound Sees the mere shell of things around."
tr. Paul Carus (1913) - 1913
These two things are the same in source but different in name. Their sameness is called a mystery. Indeed, it is the mystery of mysteries. Of all spirituality it is the door.
tr. Paul Carus (1913)
Meaning map
How often each English word shows up in translations of passages that use dào. A passage can count for more than one word.
- Tao35
- principles24
- course17
- doctrine7
- Way7
- path3
Where it appears
- Analects 59×
- Tao Te Ching 37×
- 「道」沖,而用之或不盈。淵兮,似萬物之宗﹔挫其銳,解其紛,和其光,同其塵﹔湛兮似或存。吾不知誰之子?象帝之先。
1. The Tao is (like) the emptiness of a vessel; and in our employment of it we must be on our guard against all fulness. How deep and unfathomable it is, as if it were the Honoured Ancestor of all things! 2. We should blunt our sharp points, and unravel the c
Daodejing 4 · tr. James Legge (1891) - 上善若水。水善利萬物而不爭。處眾人之所惡,故幾於道。居善地,心善淵,與善仁,言善信,政善治,事善能,動善時。夫唯不爭,故無尤。
1. The highest excellence is like (that of) water. The excellence of water appears in its benefiting all things, and in its occupying, without striving (to the contrary), the low place which all men dislike. Hence (its way) is near to (that of) the Tao. 2. Th
Daodejing 8 · tr. James Legge (1891) - 持而盈之,不如其已﹔揣而銳之,不可長保。金玉滿堂,莫之能守﹔富貴而驕,自遺其咎。功遂身退,天之道。
1. It is better to leave a vessel unfilled, than to attempt to carry it when it is full. If you keep feeling a point that has been sharpened, the point cannot long preserve its sharpness. 2. When gold and jade fill the hall, their possessor cannot keep them s
Daodejing 9 · tr. James Legge (1891) - 視之不見,名曰「夷」﹔聽之不聞,名曰「希」﹔搏之不得,名曰「微」。此三者不可致詰,故混而為一。其上不皦,其下不昧。繩繩不可名,復歸於無物。是謂無狀之狀,無物之象,是謂惚恍。迎之不見其首,隨之不見其後。執古之道,以御今之有。能知古始,是謂道紀。
1. We look at it, and we do not see it, and we name it 'the Equable.' We listen to it, and we do not hear it, and we name it 'the Inaudible.' We try to grasp it, and do not get hold of it, and we name it 'the Subtle.' With these three qualities, it cannot be m
Daodejing 14 · tr. James Legge (1891) - 古之善為士者,微妙玄通,深不可識。夫唯不可識,故強為之容:豫兮若冬涉川﹔猶兮若畏四鄰﹔儼兮其若客﹔渙兮若冰之釋﹔敦兮其若朴﹔曠兮其若谷﹔混兮其若濁。孰能晦以理之徐明?孰能濁以靜之徐清?孰能安以動之徐生?保此道者不欲盈。夫唯不盈,故能蔽而新成。
1. The skilful masters (of the Tao) in old times, with a subtle and exquisite penetration, comprehended its mysteries, and were deep (also) so as to elude men's knowledge. As they were thus beyond men's knowledge, I will make an effort to describe of what sort
Daodejing 15 · tr. James Legge (1891) - 致虛極,守靜篤,萬物並作,吾以觀復。夫物芸芸,各復歸其根。歸根曰靜,靜曰復命。復命曰常,知常曰明。不知常,妄作凶。知常容,容乃公。公乃王,王乃天,天乃道,道乃久,沒身不殆。
1. The (state of) vacancy should be brought to the utmost degree, and that of stillness guarded with unwearying vigour. All things alike go through their processes of activity, and (then) we see them return (to their original state). When things (in the vegeta
Daodejing 16 · tr. James Legge (1891) - 大道廢,有仁義﹔智慧出,有大偽﹔六親不和,有孝慈﹔國家昏亂,有忠臣。
1. When the Great Tao (Way or Method) ceased to be observed, benevolence and righteousness came into vogue. (Then) appeared wisdom and shrewdness, and there ensued great hypocrisy. 2. When harmony no longer prevailed throughout the six kinships, filial sons f
Daodejing 18 · tr. James Legge (1891) - 孔德之容,惟道是從。道之為物,惟恍惟惚。惚兮恍兮,其中有象﹔恍兮惚兮,其中有物。窈兮冥兮,其中有精﹔其精甚真,其中有信。自今及古,其名不去,以閱眾甫。吾何以知眾甫之狀哉?以此。
The grandest forms of active force From Tao come, their only source. Who can of Tao the nature tell? Our sight it flies, our touch as well. Eluding sight, eluding touch, The forms of things all in it crouch; Eluding touch, eluding sight, There are their sembla
Daodejing 21 · tr. James Legge (1891) - 希言自然。故飄風不終朝,驟雨不終日。孰為此者?天地。天地尚不能久,而況于人乎?故從事于道者,同于道﹔德者,同于德﹔失者,同于失。同于道者,道亦樂得之﹔同于德者,德亦樂得之﹔于失者,失亦樂得之。信不足焉,有不信焉。
1. Abstaining from speech marks him who is obeying the spontaneity of his nature. A violent wind does not last for a whole morning; a sudden rain does not last for the whole day. To whom is it that these (two) things are owing? To Heaven and Earth. If Heaven a
Daodejing 23 · tr. James Legge (1891) - 企者不立﹔跨者不行﹔自見者不明﹔自是者不彰﹔自伐者無功﹔自矜者不長。其在道也,曰:餘食贅形。物或惡之,故有道者不處。
He who stands on his tiptoes does not stand firm; he who stretches his legs does not walk (easily). (So), he who displays himself does not shine; he who asserts his own views is not distinguished; he who vaunts himself does not find his merit acknowledged; he
Daodejing 24 · tr. James Legge (1891) - 有物混成,先天地生。寂兮寥兮,獨立而不改,周行而不殆,可以為天地母。吾不知其名,強字之曰道,強為之名曰大。大曰逝,逝曰遠,遠曰反。故道大,天大,地大,人亦大。域中有四大,而人居其一焉。人法地,地法天,天法道,道法自然。
1. There was something undefined and complete, coming into existence before Heaven and Earth. How still it was and formless, standing alone, and undergoing no change, reaching everywhere and in no danger (of being exhausted)! It may be regarded as the Mother o
Daodejing 25 · tr. James Legge (1891) - 以道佐人主者,不以兵強天下。其事好還。師之所處,荊棘生焉。大軍之后,必有凶年。善者果而已,不敢以取強。果而勿矜,果而勿伐,果而勿驕。果而不得已,果而勿強。物壯則老,是謂不道,不道早已。
1. He who would assist a lord of men in harmony with the Tao will not assert his mastery in the kingdom by force of arms. Such a course is sure to meet with its proper return. 2. Wherever a host is stationed, briars and thorns spring up. In the sequence of gr
Daodejing 30 · tr. James Legge (1891)
The same idea across traditions
English passages matching: Tao OR "the Way"
Mesopotamia & Egypt
the will of the family god, men in general would soon discover that the way of the transgressor was hard, and that it only led to loss and ruin. When, at the end of the Neolithic Period, the Egyptians had learned to write, among the first t… Instruction of Amenemope (with other Egyptian wisdom texts), Budge 1924 p.3 ¶11
" 7 Nevertheless Osiris does not really belong to the kingdom of the living. His dominion is the gloomy Nether World beneath the earth, to which he at once descends. After his death, one of the oldest sources says of him: "He entered the se… Development of Religion and Thought in Ancient Egypt, Breasted, Religion and Thought Lecture 1 ¶56
India
And Ānanda, this is what I was referring to in ‘The Way to the Far Shore’, in ‘The Questions of Puṇṇaka’ when I said: Aṅguttara Nikāya (Numbered Discourses), AN3.32 5
I am not known To evil-doers, nor to foolish ones, Nor to the base and churlish; nor to those Whose mind is cheated by the show of things, Nor those that take the way of Asuras.[FN#12] Four sorts of mortals know me: he who weeps, Arjuna! an… Bhagavad Gita, Bhagavad Gita 7 (Arnold) ¶3
China & Japan
The Master said, 'While a man's father is alive, look at the bent of his will; when his father is dead, look at his conduct. If for three years he does not alter from the way of his father, he may be called filial.' Analects, Analects 1.11
Persia & Islam
Another characteristic of Ghazzali which ap¬ peals to the modern mind is the way in which he exjDounds the religious argument from probability much as Bishop Butler and Browning do ( vide the end of Chapter IV. in the present book). Ghazzal… The Alchemy of Happiness (Kimiya-yi Sa'adat), Alchemy p.12 ¶8
Shall melt, but senseless of its Union: / But in that Mirror if with purged eyes / Thy Shadow Thou for Shadow recognise, / Then shalt Thou back into thy Centre fall / A conscious Ray of that eternal All.' / He ceased, and for awhile Amazeme… The Conference of the Birds (Mantiq al-Tayr), Bird Parliament ll. 621-640
Hebrew & Jewish
And said, Thy heart hath gone to far in this world, and thinkest thou to comprehend the way of the most High? Apocrypha (Deuterocanonical books: Esdras, Tobit, Judith, Wisdom, Sirach, Baruch, Maccabees, ...), 2 Esdras 4:2
So he drove out the man; and he placed at the east of the garden of Eden the Cherubim, and the flame of a sword which turned every way, to keep the way of the tree of life. The Bible (Old and New Testaments), Genesis 3:24
Greek & Roman
Pygmalion’s treasure left behind. The vessels, heavy laden, put to sea With prosp’rous winds; a woman leads the way. I know not, if by stress of weather driv’n, Or was their fatal course dispos’d by Heav’n; At last they landed, where from f… The Aeneid, Aeneid (Dryden), Book I ¶25
ARGUMENT Xerxes, son of Darius and of his wife Atossa, daughter of Cyrus, went forth against Hellas, to take vengeance upon those who had defeated his father at Marathon. But ill fortune befell the king and his army both by land and sea; ne… Aeschylus: Tragedies (Oresteia, Prometheus Bound, etc.), Aeschylus The Persians ¶1
if he really had this art and taught so reasonably. I myself should be vain and put on airs, if I understood these things; but I do not understand them, men of Athens . Now perhaps someone might rejoin: But, Socrates, what is the trouble ab… Apology of Socrates, Apology 20c
Hidden streams
Again these chapters will recall to many of my readers the extraordinary magical effects which Faust ts satd ta have produced ; who, by the way, as I have before remarked, was in all probability contempcrary with Abraham the “few. But the m… The Book of the Sacred Magic of Abra-Melin the Mage, Abramelin p.5 ¶35
Now as foon as I had read this Writing, all my joy was near vanifhed again, ind I who before Sang merrily, tegafl y.a Avitons now inwardly to Lament.' For al- '^^'^^'^''' rhopgh I faw all the ihree ways before riie, and nnderHood that hence… The Chymical Wedding of Christian Rosenkreutz, Chymical Wedding ¶16
Studies in Hellenistic Theosophy and Gnosis Being a Translation of the Extant Sermons and Fragments of the Trismegistic Literature, with Prolegomena, Commentaries, and Notes G. R. S. Mead Volume II. — Sermons The Theosophical Publishing Soc… Corpus Hermeticum, TGH II ¶1
Christian
The author praises Gratian's zeal for instruction in the Faith, and speaks lowly of his own merits. Taught of God Himself, the Emperor stands in no need of human instruction; yet this his devoutness prepares the way to victory. The task app… Exposition of the Christian Faith (De fide, to Gratian), Ambrose, On the Christian Faith, Prefatory Note, Prologue. ¶1
18. Now, I clearly have my pledge which no change can any more tear from me; I have the relics which I may embrace, I have the tomb which I may cover with my body, I have the grave on which I may lie, and I shall believe that I am more acce… On the Decease of His Brother Satyrus (De excessu fratris; incl. On Belief in the Resurrection), Ambrose, On the Decease of Satyrus, Three Books on the Duties of the Clergy, Book I. ¶17
In the first book he divides duties into "ordinary," or the way of the commandments, binding upon all alike; and "perfect," which consist in following the counsels. After treating then of some elementary duties, such as those towards parent… On the Duties of the Clergy (De officiis ministrorum), Ambrose, Duties of the Clergy, Introduction. ¶2
Modern West
OF MISSIONS AND REVELATIONS. Every national church or religion has established itself by pretending some special mission from God, communicated to certain individuals. The Jews have their Moses; the Christians their Jesus Christ, their apos… The Age of Reason, Age of Reason Part I, Chapter 2 ¶1
Suspicions that the mind of itself gathers, are but buzzes; but suspicions that are artificially nourished, and put into men's heads, by the tales and whisperings of others, have stings. Certainly, the best mean, to clear the way in this sa… Essays, or Counsels Civil and Moral, Bacon Of Suspicion ¶1b
As regards materialistic atomism, it is one of the best-refuted theories that have been advanced, and in Europe there is now perhaps no one in the learned world so unscholarly as to attach serious signification to it, except for convenient … Beyond Good and Evil, BGE §12